"Enzymes are large proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
In their globular structure, one or more polypeptide chains twist and fold,
bringing together a small number of amino acids to form the active site, or the
location on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction takes place.
Enzyme and substrate fail to bind if their shapes do not match exactly. This
ensures that the enzyme does not participate in the wrong reaction. The enzyme
itself is unaffected by the reaction. When the products have been released, the
enzyme is ready to bind with a new substrate."
Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation.
All rights reserved.
Flash MX 2004
Minimum Screen Resolution: 1024 x 768
Level: Beginner
If you you need help with drawing, you can open the enzymatic-reaction-exercise.fla file and follow the animation procedures.
1- Start with a new Blank Flash Document.
2- Using the Properties Panel, set the document size
to:
and set the frame rate to 10 frames per second.
3- Using the Oval Tool (O)
and Rectangle Tool
(R),
, draw
two ovals and one rectangle; make sure that the stroke color is set to none in order to avoid drawing
a stroke.
4- Type over the objects using the text tool
(Arial, 12), in black
, the words
"Enzyme", "C1", and "C2" to represent Compound 1 and
Compound2. Adjust the position of text using the Selection Tool (V)
and
the keyboard arrows. You should get:
5- To change the text into drawing objects right click each text box
and choose Break Apart. Repeat this process twice.
10- Creating the active site (binding site of the enzyme): Double click to select C1, move it, and make it intersect with the Enzyme. Double click C1 again and pull it back to its original place. This will make the Enzyme object loose a part of itself that corresponds to the shape of C1. Repeat the same technique for C2 and make sure that C2 intersects with both the Enzyme and the bite created by C1.
You should get:
11- Now we need to distribute the two compounds to separate layers:
Select C1 and C2 using the Selection Tool (V)
click Modify/Timeline/Distribute to Layers or right click and
choose Distribute to Layers. This will create two more layers and will place
each of the compounds in a layer. Rename the two new layers to C1 and
C2 based on their content.
The result will be:
1- Insert keyframes at frame 20 of all three layers.
2- Double click each object and move it in a way to create the fully
bound state of all three objects. By doing this you will be specifying the new
location at fame 20 for each of the objects. Use the Selection Tool (V) as well as the
keyboard arrows to achieve this purpose.
you should get:
3- Click Frame 1 and choose Tween: Shape from the Properties Panel.
Repeat this step for all three layers.
This should give us the following Timeline:
1- At frame 40, insert Keyframes for all three layers.
2- Hold down the Shift Key and Double Click C1 and C2 to select both of them at once; then move them out of the Enzyme. You may also move the enzyme.
3- Click Frame 20 and choose Tween: Shape from the Properties Panel.
Repeat this step for all three layers.
This should give us the following Timeline:
4- Enzyme Layer: Click Frame 40 and press on the
from the
Behaviors Panel and choose Movie Clip then Go to and Stop at frame
or Label. Make sure to type "40" since we want the animation
to stop at Frame 40. If we don't do this step, the animation will play
indefinitely if we are using the default Publish Settings.
The resulting Timeline should look like the chart in the Layers and Timeline section.
Adjusting the frame rate to 10 fps (frames per second) can lead to a better result.
Good Luck!